Discussion 15. Based upon your careful reading of chapter 23, to what extent do the changes discussed in this chapter and chapter 22 justify considering the past century as marking a new phase of world history?  Your response should discuss at least two broad processes explored in chapter 23 and one from chapter 22.  As always, be sure to use specific evidence from the reading to support your argument.

Discussion 16. Based upon your careful reading of chapter 23 and the text and visual sources in the Working with Evidence (pp. 1054-1064), what accounts for the very different understandings of Islam that are present in these documents?  Your response should discuss at least three different sources, including no more than one visual source.  Pay careful attention to the different historical contexts for the documents and as always, be sure to use specific evidence from the reading to support your argument.